Indonesia’s terrorism landscape continues to defy simplistic narratives of rise or decline. Rather than dramatic ruptures, the current phase is characterised by recalibration and diffusion—of ideology, actors, and participation across multiple strands of extremism. The contributions in this issue collectively demonstrate that militant movements are neither monolithic nor static; they are shaped by internal debate, doctrinal reassessment, generational turnover, and shifting strategic environments. The evolution and eventual dissolution of Jemaah Islamiyah (JI), for instance, underscores h ...